Advances in the art of facsimile are closely linked to advances in printing. Maps, for example, have been at the centre of facsimile exploration, although these examples often lack rigidity with respect to the original source that is expected today. [1] A first example is the map of Abraham Ortelius (1598). [1] Innovations in the 18th century, particularly in the fields of lithography and aquatinte, allowed an explosion in the number of facsimiles of old master drawings that could be studied remotely. [2] In the past, techniques and devices such as the philograph (drawing an original by a transparent level), photostat, hectograph or lithography have been used to create facsimiles. More recently, facsimiles have been made by the use of a form of photographic technique. For documents, a facsimile most often refers to the reproduction of documents by a copying machine. In the digital age, an image scanner, PC and desktop printer can be used to create a facsimile. To send via a facsimile machine; usually spoken only as u201Cfaxu201D. Important illuminated manuscripts such as The Very Rich Hours Duke of Berry are not only made available to the public in facsimile form, but are available in high quality to scholars. [3] [4] However, unlike reproductions of normal books, facsimiles remain the original colors, which are particularly important for illuminated manuscripts – more faithful and preserve defects. [5] A facsimile (from the Latin Fac-Simile, “equalize”) is a copy or reproduction of an ancient book, manuscript, map, art print or other historical element as faithful as possible to the original source. It differs from other forms of reproduction by trying to reproduce the source as accurately as possible according to scale, color, condition and other material qualities.
For books and manuscripts, this also means a complete copy of all pages; Therefore, an incomplete copy is a “sub-paper.” Facsimiles are sometimes used by scientists to explore a source they otherwise do not have access to, and by museums and archives for media conservation and conservation. Many are sold commercially, often accompanied by a volume of comments. They can be produced in limited edition, usually 500 to 2,000 copies, and cost the equivalent of a few thousand U.S. dollars. [Citation required] [Clarification needed] The term “fax” is an abbreviated form of “facsimile,” although most faxes are not reproductions of the quality expected in a true facsimile.